What does fertilization result in?

Fertilization results in the formation of a diploid zygote. This process occurs when two haploid gametes, typically one from the male (sperm) and one from the female (egg), unite. Each gamete carries half the genetic material needed to form a complete organism, which in most sexually reproducing organisms is diploid, meaning it contains two sets of chromosomes—one from each parent.

When the sperm and egg fuse, their genetic materials combine to form a zygote that has a full set of chromosomes, restoring the diploid state. This diploid zygote will then undergo multiple rounds of cell division through mitosis to develop into a multicellular organism. Understanding this concept is fundamental to grasping the broader principles of sexual reproduction and genetic diversity.